Iron castings was widely used as farm tools in the late feudal society. This shows that casting iron technology has reached a fairly high level during this period. At the same time, some iron mold can cast two objects at a time. These iron castings have uniform wall thickness, reasonable structure, uniform shape and casting outline. In 1953, Tiefan used to cast iron axe, sickle and vehicles was unearthed from the Casting Site in Xinglong, Hebei. Because of the large demand for ironware, cast iron also contributed to the invention of Tiefan (cast iron metal mold). The unearthed objects included shovel, sickle, adze, axe, plow, shackle, chisel, etc. Therefore, cast iron tools became the main production tools. After the middle Warring States period, cast iron tools gradually replaced other tools, such as wood, stone and copper. Through decarburization and graphitization heat treatment, we can obtain black and white core ductile cast iron with incomplete decarburization respectively.
As a result, the production tools can be made by cast iron. With the development of agricultural production, ductile cast iron occurred in the early stage of the Warring States period. The first iron castings were similar in shape to similar bronze castings.Įarly cast irons were white iron with high carbon and low silicon, brittle and hard, and easy to break. In the meantime, the strengthening of fossil fuel preparation, furnace building, and model manufacturing technology also give evidence to it. The development of the casting industry manifested as the increase in production capacity. The highly developed cast bronze during the Shang and Zhou dynasties provided the premise for the invention of cast iron technology. Meanwhile Europe did not have such similar technology in the 7th century. The Cast iron was invented by the Chinese in the 4th century BC.Ĭhina had begun to use blast furnaces to cast iron in at least the 4th century BC.
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